Infrastructure & Connectivity of Greece: Key facts
Source: ELSTAT, 2004; EUROSTAT, 2024; OSE, 2024
Greece Economic Data (for Year 2022)
Connection with Europe & globally
- Connection with Europe via the Orient/East-Med Corridor as well as via the Pan-European Corridor X (Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, North, Macedonia & Greece
- Short Sea Shipping – Mediterranean basin | Port of Piraeus is the main trans-shipment hub
Connectivity in national level
- Length of road network in Greece (end of Y2021)
- Motorways: 2159 Km
- Main or national roads: 9229 Km
- Secondary or regional roads: 30864 Km
- Length of active rail network (Y2022): 1990 Km (39.5% electrified)
- 25 main ports all over Greece | 5 with strategic role: Ports of Piraeus, Thessaloniki, Patras, Igoumenitsa, and Alexandroupolis
Source: ELSTAT, 2004; EUROSTAT, 2024; OSE, 2024
Greece Economic Data (for Year 2022)
Connection with Europe & globally
- Connection with Europe via the Orient/East-Med Corridor as well as via the Pan-European Corridor X (Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, North, Macedonia & Greece
- Short Sea Shipping – Mediterranean basin | Port of Piraeus is the main trans-shipment hub
Connectivity in national level
- Length of road network in Greece (end of Y2021)
- Motorways: 2159 Km
- Main or national roads: 9229 Km
- Secondary or regional roads: 30864 Km
- Length of active rail network (Y2022): 1990 Km (39.5% electrified)
- 25 main ports all over Greece | 5 with strategic role: Ports of Piraeus, Thessaloniki, Patras, Igoumenitsa, and Alexandroupolis
Road transportation is the main mode for freight movement followed by sea, in national level
Modal split in Greece based (in tn) - Y2022
Source: ELSTAT, 2004; EUROSTAT, 2024
Type of products transported by road (in thousand tn) - Y2022
National road freight transport is mainly executed by contracted vehicles which account for 36.5K trucks
Road freight transport by type of operation (in million tn-Km) - Y2022
Source: ELSTAT, 2004; EUROSTAT, 2024
Nmber of available trucks (in thousands) - Y2022
Greece ranks 1st in ownership of the world fleet
ranked by carrying capacity in dead-weight tons
Cargo flows in Greek ports (Q4 2023)
Cargo flows in Greek ports per type (Q4 2022)
Country of ownership – ranking by million dead-weight tons (Y2022)
Source: ELSTAT, 2004; EUROSTAT, 2024
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The Port of Piraeus, is the 24th largest container port globally, the 4th largest in Europe and the largest in the eastern Mediterranean
Cargo flows in Greek ports (Q4 2023)
Source: Port Economics, 2023; ELSTAT 2024; EUROSTAT, 2024; PCT, 2024
Port of Piraeus
Infrastructure
- Pier I -> Throughput: 1.1M TEUs, Depth alongside (18m East side, 12m West side)
- Pier II ->Throughput: 3.2M TEUs, Depth alongside (14.5m East side, 16.5m West side), 17 QC Cranes, 16 semin-automated RMGs, 22, E-RTGs
- Pier III -> Throughput: 3M TEUs, Depth alongside (18.5m East side, 19.5m West side), 5 SSPP QC Cranes, 6 semi-automated RMGs, 24, E-RTGs
- Warehouses: G3, G5, G8, Exports warehouse: 9.537sq.m
Services
- Main Services connecting the ports of Far East, Europe, North & South America
- Feeder Services all along the Mediterranean basin
Recent investments
- Investment in Car terminal (January 2024) that added 40.000sq.m capable of handling 5.100 cars
Cargo flows in Greek ports (Q4 2023)
Source: Port Economics, 2023; ELSTAT 2024; EUROSTAT, 2024; PCT, 2024
Port of Piraeus
Infrastructure
- Pier I -> Throughput: 1.1M TEUs, Depth alongside (18m East side, 12m West side)
- Pier II ->Throughput: 3.2M TEUs, Depth alongside (14.5m East side, 16.5m West side), 17 QC Cranes, 16 semin-automated RMGs, 22, E-RTGs
- Pier III -> Throughput: 3M TEUs, Depth alongside (18.5m East side, 19.5m West side), 5 SSPP QC Cranes, 6 semi-automated RMGs, 24, E-RTGs
- Warehouses: G3, G5, G8, Exports warehouse: 9.537sq.m
Services
- Main Services connecting the ports of Far East, Europe, North & South America
- Feeder Services all along the Mediterranean basin
Recent investments
- Investment in Car terminal (January 2024) that added 40.000sq.m capable of handling 5.100 cars
The port of Piraeus provides road, rail & sea connectivity with other countries with emphasis on combined freight transport
Rail connectivity from Port of Piraeus (proximity in days) - Combined transport
Source: PCDC, 2024; PCT, 2024; COSCO, 2024; ELSTAT 2024; EUROSTAT, 2024
Road & Sea connections with other countries Short Sea Shipping (feeder services) along the Med basin
Rail network has a significant potential in contributing to combined freight transport operations
Rail network in Greece
(Hellenic Rail Organization)
Companies with rail license
- Hellenic Train
- Rail Cargo Logistics
- PEARL
- MAKIOS
- Grup Feroviar Roman
Rail Services provided
Block trains
- Athens – Thessaloniki
- Thessaloniki – Gevgelija
- Thessaloniki – Kulata
- Port of Piraeus
- Port of Thessaloniki
- Port of Alexandroupolis
Intemodal Cargo Shuttle (iCS)
- Athens (Thriasio) – Thessaloniki (Trigono Terminal)
Rail freight flows in million tn-km
Rolling stock in Greece (Y2021)
Rail freight flows in million tn-km
Rolling stock in Greece (Y2021)
Source: ELSTAT, 2004; EUROSTAT, 2024
Athens (ATH) & Thessaloniki (SKG) International airports accommodate the major air freight in Greece
Source: Springer link, 2024; ELSTAT 2024; EUROSTAT, 2024
Air freight & mail flows in thousand tons
National & International Air freight & mail flows in thousand tons (Y2022)
Source: Springer link, 2024; ELSTAT 2024; EUROSTAT, 2024
Air freight & mail flows in thousand tons
National & International Air freight & mail flows in thousand tons (Y2022)
Warehouse stock in Attica & in Thessaloniki
Warehouse stock in Attica & Viotia Attica: 5,3 M sq. m | Viotia: 1.6M sq. m
Warehouse stock in Thessaloniki Total: 1,6 M sq. m
Source: Jones Lang LaSalle – Athens Economics Ltd., 2023
Gaining competitive advantage from the Free Trade Zones in Greece
Free Trade zones in Greece: Main characteristics
- Greece has four (4) free-trade zones, located at:
- Port of Piraeus, Surface: 1.125.340 sq.m
- Port of Thessaloniki, Surface: 1.000.000 sq.m
- Port of Heraklion, 64.580 sq. m.
- Port of Astakos (Platigiali),Surface: 1.910 acres
- The Free Zones (Control Type I) operate according to the European Union customs code.
Benefits from Control Type I Free Trade zones
- No customs formalities are required such as T1 document, boned guarantee, etc
- No special customs license required for repacking or any other simple handling or processing operations of goods
- ISPS certified high security standards, low insurance costs
- No transportation cost will be applied since the operation areas are situated inside ports
- Fast processing before or without tax or customs formalities
- Provision of electronic files handling for Greek authorities
Source: Enterprise Greece, 2024; World Free Zones Organization, 2016